On the presence of logic in dialectic itself. Since dialectic examines objects (concepts) in motion, the logic of reasoning about motion requires, accordingly, going beyond and supplementing formal, static (Aristotelian) logic. This is what we will demonstrate.
1. The Law of Identity. Something (an object) is what it is. Or A = A.
Here it is appropriate to recall Heraclitus's famous phrase: "You cannot step into the same river twice." Or A is not equal to A.
Which is, in fact, the negation-complement of the law of identity. In this case, it is asserted that an object can have different properties at different moments in time! It cannot be equal (strictly speaking), in the totality of its properties, to itself.
We do not refute (there is no contradiction), but rather supplement, extend the law of identity.
2. The Law of Contradiction. This is a logical law according to which a proposition and its negation cannot both be true.
We similarly supplement this law with the proposition that a proposition about an object and its negation can be true at different points in time (the object's existence).
3. We also supplement the Law of the Excluded Third (Latin: tertium non datur), a principle of logic that states that every proposition is either true or false. I hope the reader will be able to supplement this independently.
It is important to understand that logic in dialectics does not negate formal logic. It has a different subject matter.
Original text "Логика в диалектике. Выход за.."
